Machines make work easier by changing the direction and amount of applied force. Inclined planes (ramp), Pulley, Lever, and Gear are some examples of some of the simple machines.
Cars are made up of a combination of simple machines. Each machine has to be provided energy constantly to keep it working.
Lever
A lever is a simple rod that turns around a certain point called fulcrum. The lever is a simple machine which can be used to lift or push heavy objects with ease.
If we apply force/ effort to one end of the lever, the load/ weight at the other end can be lifted.
Pulley
A pulley consists of a grooved wheel and a rope. By applying force/ effort on one end of the rope passing over the pulley, the load is lifted up.
Changing the direction of force makes it easier to work with the pulley. For example, if we intend to lift heavy objects with the help of pulley, we have to apply the force downwards. A flag can be raised or lowered on a pole with the help of a pulley. When the rope is pulled down, the flag is lifted upwards. Similarly, a bucket of water can be easily drawn from a well by using a pulley.
Gear
Gear consists of toothed wheels of different sizes. The teeth of wheels fit in with each other and move together. We can increase or decrease the speed with the help of gears. For example, gears of various different sizes are used in bicycles, sugarcane juice machines and grinders.
Inclined Plane
A simple machine with one end relatively higher than the other. It requires less force and energy to move objects from one place to another i.e. from top to bottom and from bottom to top.
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